Assessing Land Cover Changes and Surface Temperature Impact of Golf Course Development in Hanoi Using Remote Sensing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15205512Keywords:
Golf course expansion, Remote sensing, Land surface temperature (LST), Urbanization, HanoiAbstract
The rapid pace of urbanization has led to significant changes in land use, directly impacting local climatic conditions, particularly land surface temperature (LST). Among the expanding forms of land use are golf courses, which require large areas and often replace natural vegetation cover. This shift disrupts the surface energy balance and alters the regional thermal environment. This study employs remote sensing data to analyze the effects of land use and land cover (LULC) changes on LST in the context of golf course expansion in Hanoi from 1989 to 2023. The specific objectives of this research are: (i) to assess changes in LULC and the expansion of golf courses; (ii) to calculate LST; and (iii) to analyze the relationship between LULC and LST in the years 1989, 1999, 2009, 2020, and 2023. The results show a continuous decline in vegetative cover over time, while built-up areas and bare land have significantly increased from 1989 to 2023. The highest LST values were recorded in the city center, where high building density and limited greenery are observed. Notably, the conversion of land into golf courses has also contributed to LST increases, depending on the previous land cover type. Statistical analysis between areas inside and outside golf courses reveals clear differences in LST, indicating the thermal impact of golf course development. These findings highlight the importance of integrating thermal considerations into urban planning, aiming for sustainable development amid rapid urbanization
Downloads
References
[1] Avdan, U., & Jovanovska, G. (2016). Algorithm for automated mapping of land surface temperature using LANDSAT 8 satellite data. Journal of sensors, 2016(1), 1480307.
[2] Carlson, M. G., Gaussoin, R. E., & Puntel, L. A. (2022). A review of precision management for golf course turfgrass. Crop, Forage & Turfgrass Management, 8(2), e20183.
[3] Chen, C., Chen, J., & Zhang, X. (2011, September). Extraction of golf course based on texture feature of SPOT5 image. In 2011 International Conference on Electronics, Communications and Control (ICECC) (pp. 254-257). IEEE.
[4] Chen, J., Wang, C., He, D., Chen, J., & Yue, A. (2017). Practical Bottom-Up Golf Course Detection Using Multispectral Remote Sensing Imagery. In Image and Graphics: 9th International Conference, ICIG 2017, Shanghai, China, September 13-15, 2017, Revised Selected Papers, Part II 9 (pp. 552-559). Springer International Publishing.
[5] Congalton, R. G., & Green, K. (2019). Assessing the accuracy of remotely sensed data: principles and practices. CRC press.
[6] Dimock, W. J. (2004). Spatial factors affecting white grub presence and abundance in golf course turf. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
[7] Do, T. N., Nguyen, D. M. T., Ghimire, J., Vu, K. C., Do Dang, L. P., Pham, S. L., & Pham, V. M. (2023). Assessing surface water pollution in Hanoi, Vietnam, using remote sensing and machine learning algorithms. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(34), 82230-82247.
[8] Fung, C. K., & Jim, C. Y. (2017). Assessing the cooling effects of different vegetation settings in a Hong Kong golf course. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 37, 626-636.
[9] Giannini, M. B., Belfiore, O. R., Parente, C., & Santamaria, R. (2015). Land Surface Temperature from Landsat 5 TM images: comparison of different methods using airborne thermal data. Journal of Engineering Science & Technology Review, 8(3).
[10] Guo, L., Xi, X., Yang, W., & Liang, L. Monitoring Land Use/Cover Change Using Remotely Sensed Data in Guangzhou of China. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2944.
[11] Hauser, L. T., Vu, G. N., Nguyen, B. A., Dade, E., Nguyen, H. M., Nguyen, T. T. Q., ... & Pham, H. V. (2017). Uncovering the spatio-temporal dynamics of land cover change and fragmentation of mangroves in the Ca Mau peninsula, Vietnam using multi-temporal SPOT satellite imagery (2004–2013). Applied Geography, 86, 197-207.
[12] Imran, H. M., Hossain, A., Islam, A. S., Rahman, A., Bhuiyan, M. A. E., Paul, S., & Alam, A. (2021). Impact of land cover changes on land surface temperature and human thermal comfort in Dhaka city of Bangladesh. Earth Systems and Environment, 5, 667-693.
[13] Le, H. T., Zablotskii, V. R., Zenkov, I. V., Vu, D. T., & Dao, K. H. (2022). Relationship between the Land Surface Temperature and Land Cover Types, a Case Study in Hanoi City, Vietnam. Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 58(9), 1111-1120.
[14] Li, W., Lu, C., & Cao, S. Y. (2021). Dynamic remote sensing monitoring of land cover in ecological protection area based on GIS technology. International journal of environmental technology and management, 24(1-2), 77-92.
[15] Lin, L., Liu, Q., Xiao, X., & Luo, Q. (2022). Perceived constraints on active recreational sport participation among residents in urban China. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(22), 14884.
[16] Liou, Y. A., & Nguyen, K. A. (2023, December). Remote Sensing-Based Monitoring and Analysis of Golf Course Distribution and Dynamics in Hanoi City, Vietnam. In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2023, pp. GH54A-03).
[17] Lonsdorf, E. V., Nootenboom, C., Janke, B., & Horgan, B. P. (2021). Assessing urban ecosystem services provided by green infrastructure: Golf courses in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metro area. Landscape and Urban Planning, 208, 104022.
[18] Lyman, G. T., Throssell, C. S., Johnson, M. E., Stacey, G. A., & Brown, C. D. (2007). Golf course profile describes turfgrass, landscape, and environmental stewardship features. Applied turfgrass science, 4(1), 1-25.
[19] Mauri, P. V., Parra, L., Mostaza-Colado, D., Garcia, L., Lloret, J., & Marin, J. F. (2021). The combined use of remote sensing and wireless sensor network to estimate soil moisture in golf course. Applied Sciences, 11(24), 11769.
[20] Mauro, G. (2020). Rural–urban transition of Hanoi (Vietnam): Using Landsat imagery to map its recent peri-urbanization. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 9(11), 669.
[21] Nguyen, A. K., Liou, Y. A., Li, M. H., & Tran, T. A. (2016). Zoning eco-environmental vulnerability for environmental management and protection. Ecological Indicators, 69, 100-117.
[22] Nguyen, H. T. T., Chau, Q. T. N., Pham, A. T., Phan, H. T., Tran, P. T. X., Cao, H. T., ... & Nguyen, D. T. H. (2020a). Land use/land cover changes using multi-temporal satellite. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 6, 83-90.
[23] Nguyen, K. A., Liou, Y. A., Tran, H. P., Hoang, P. P., & Nguyen, T. H. (2020b). Soil salinity assessment by using near-infrared channel and Vegetation Soil Salinity Index derived from Landsat 8 OLI data: a case study in the Tra Vinh Province, Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, 7(1), 1-16.
[24] Nguyen, T. T., Eslick, H., Barber, P., Harper, R., & Dell, B. (2022). Cooling effects of urban vegetation: the role of golf courses. Remote Sensing, 14(17), 4351.
[25] Pham, V. C., Pham, T. T. H., Tong, T. H. A., Nguyen, T. T. H., & Pham, N. H. (2015). The conversion of agricultural land in the peri-urban areas of Hanoi (Vietnam): patterns in space and time. Journal of Land Use Science, 10(2), 224-242.
[26] Prime Minister of Vietnam. (2020). Decision No. 147/QĐ-TTg: Approval of the Vietnam Tourism Development Strategy to 2030. Government of Vietnam.
[27] Santhosh, L. G., & Shilpa, D. N. (2023). Assessment of LULC change dynamics and its relationship with LST and spectral indices in a rural area of Bengaluru district, Karnataka India. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 29, 100886.
[28] Singh, V. D., Ali, S. R., & Piyoosh, A. K. (2022, December). A Review on the Relationship between LULC and LST using Geospatial Technologies. In 2022 11th International Conference on System Modeling & Advancement in Research Trends (SMART) (pp. 472-476). IEEE.
[29] Stein, A., van der Meer, F. D., & Gorte, B. (Eds.). (1999). Spatial statistics for remote sensing (Vol. 1). Springer Science & Business Media.
[30] Thanh Hoan, N., Liou, Y. A., Nguyen, K. A., Sharma, R. C., Tran, D. P., Liou, C. L., & Cham, D. D. (2018). Assessing the effects of land-use types in surface urban heat islands for developing comfortable living in Hanoi City. Remote Sensing, 10(12), 1965.
[31] Thien, B. B., Ovsepyan, A. E., & Phuong, V. T. (2024). Monitoring Land Surface Temperature Relationship to Land Use and Land Cover in Hai Duong Province, Vietnam: 10.32526/ennrj/22/20230194. Environment and Natural Resources Journal, 22(2), 145-157.
[32] Thien, B. B., Phuong, V. T., & Huong, D. T. V. (2025). Investigating land cover changes and their impact on land surface temperature in Tay Ninh province, Vietnam. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 197(1), 1-26.
[33] Tran, D. X., Pla, F., Latorre-Carmona, P., Myint, S. W., Caetano, M., & Kieu, H. V. (2017). Characterizing the relationship between land use land cover change and land surface temperature. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 124, 119-132.
[34] Zhang, J., Liu, Y., Cui, S., Wang, Z., & Zhao, Q. (2012, June). Dynamic monitoring of golf course land in Beijing based on remote sensing technology. In 2012 2nd International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (pp. 1-4). IEEE
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
CC 4.0
